https://doi.org/10.3390/en15020425
“The operating and maintenance costs in this work were divided into variable operating costs (VOCs) and fixed operating costs (FOCs). The economic assumptions utilised for the VOCs and FOCs are tabulated in Table 4.”
Table 4. Economic assumptions for estimating the operating costs.
| Description | Unit | Value/Unit | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Annual operation | Hours | 8000 | [43] |
| Steam (natural gas) | EUR/ton | 15.51 * | [52] |
| Steam (excess/waste heat) | EUR/ton | 5.21 * | [52] |
| Electricity | EUR/kWh | 0.058 | [52] |
| Process Water | EUR/m3 | 6.65 | [52] |
| Cooling Water | EUR/m3 | 0.022 | Assumed |
| Solvent (MEA) | EUR/ton | 1450 | [53] |
| Maintenance | EUR | 4% of TPC | [43] |
| Engineer | EUR | 150,000 (1 engineer) | [31] |
| Operators | EUR | 77,000 (× 20 operators) ** | [52] |