https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA01352C
“As can be seen from Table 1, the aforementioned amines each have their advantages and disadvantages. Clearly, there is no particular amine solvent with all ideal characteristics for CO2 capture processes. Studies have so far focused on the improvement of amine solvents in order to reach a high CO2 capture performance and a low cost of operation.24 In recent years, mixing of conventional amines has shown a considerable improvement of absorption and desorption in CO2 capture processes.25 The higher absorption capacity, faster kinetics and lower energy consumption for stripping of CO2 are good characteristics of mixed amines. Research of mixed amines, such as MEA–MDEA and AMP–PZ, has demonstrated a great enhancement of the kinetics, thermodynamics, mass transfer, as well as energy consumption for regeneration.26–28”
Table 1 Properties of conventional and newly developed amines45
| Chemical name | MEA | DEA | MDEA | AMP | PZ, anhydrous | PZ, 65% | 1DMA2P | DETA | DEEA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Molecular formula | C2H7NO | C4H11NO2 | C5H13NO2 | C4H11NO | C4H10N2 | C4H10N2 | C5H13NO | C4H13N3 | C6H15NO |
| Formula weight | 61.08 | 105.14 | 119.16 | 89.14 | 86.13 | 86.13 | 103.16 | 103.17 | 117.19 |
| Freezing point °C | 10.3 | 28 | −21.0 | 26.0 | 110 | 41 | −85.0 | −39.0 | −70 |
| Boling point °C | 170 | 268 | 247.1 | 165 | 146 | 116 | 96.0 | 207 | 161 |
| Density at 25 °C | 1.01 | 1.092 | 1.03 | 0.934 | 0.877 | 1.03 | 0.913 | 0.952 | 0.884 |
| Vapor pressure (at 20 °C) mm Hg | 0.48 | <0.01 | 0.01 | <1 | 0.1 | 6.28 | 8 | 0.08 | 1 |
| Water solubility | Miscible | Miscible | Miscible | Miscible | 14 wt% | Miscible | Miscible | Miscible | Miscible |
| Absorption rate | High | Medium | Low | Medium | High | High | Low | Medium | Low |
| Absorption capacity | Medium | Medium | High | High | High | High | High | High | Medium |
| Heat of absorption | High | High | Medium | High | High | High | Medium | High | Medium |