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Copyrolysis of Waste Cartons and Polyolefin Plastics under Microwave Heating and Characterization of the Products

https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c05045

“The solid was analyzed for C, H, N, and S using a Vario EL cube type elemental analyzer. ”

3.5. Analysis of the Solid

Table 5 shows the elemental analysis of the solid at 450 °C. It can be seen that the elemental oxygen content of the waste carton at single pyrolysis is 38.5%, while the oxygen content under copyrolysis is higher than 40%. It indicates that copyrolysis increases the oxygen content in the solid and decreases the calorific value. H/C also decreased from 0.8 to 0.6, indicating that the hydrogen atoms in the solid product decreased, representing a decrease in volatile fraction in the solid. (39) Unlike waste cartons and PP, incomplete cracking of PE at 450 °C leaves some hydrocarbon molecules in the solids, so the oxygen content in the solids decreases and the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio increases.
Table 5. Elemental Analysis of Solid Products at 450 °C
element composition (wt %)
raw material C H O N S H/C (mole ratio)
waste carton alone 57.3 3.7 38.5 0.3 0.2 0.8
WC/PP
3:1 56.4 2.8 40.1 0.2 0.5 0.6
1:1 51.8 2.6 44.8 0.3 0.5 0.6
1:3 50.7 2.6 45.9 0.4 0.5 0.6
WC/PE
3:1 51.8 2.8 44.6 0.3 0.5 0.7
1:1 52.7 4.1 42.7 0.3 0.2 0.9
1:3 65.0 7.2 27.3 0.2 0.3 1.3

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