Advantages of MOF for CO2 capture

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-04168-w

“Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have been distinguished as a very promising and efficient group of materials which can be used in CCS projects because of their unique properties of being modifiable, stable in high temperatures, and having a chemical structure which can be easily adjusted^{16,17,18,19,20}. Therefore, different advantages and disadvantages of MOFs have been investigated by several researchers such as an investigation done by Le et al., which reported how the architecture and active functional groups of MOFs could be controlled¹⁷. Moreover, having conducted various investigations on the thermal stability of MOFs, scientists have reported the impact of morphology and crystalline shape of these materials on their thermal stability^21,22,23,24. Taking MOFs synthesized from strontium and calcium by the way of example, Yeh et al.²⁵ found that, as a result of their micro-porosity, these materials were thermally stable in all temperatures lower than 450 °C. Some other scientific investigations have found that MOFs could be modified for various applications just by changing the functional groups, which are located on their pore walls^26,27. It is wieldy known that MOFs are comprised of metal ions clusters and linkers which are organic molecules. These linkers have a 3D-structure of pores and connecting channels. While 3D-structurevoids adsorb molecules as their host, the primary structure of these materials provides reversible channels and pores as soon as desorption step take place^26,27,28. Properties of MOFs is determined by the selected linker and the metal. For example, zinc in the structure of IRMOF-1 is the metal which is located at the center of structures and is connected to the terephthalic molecules. Having this structure, IRMOF-1 benefits from existence of pores with high capacity of adsorption. Furthermore, there are various groups of MOFs with their unique structures, properties and application. Some MOFs like UMCs have unsaturated metallic centers²⁹, which provides carbon dioxide molecules with more active sites, hence facilitates formation of strong bonds between CO₂ and the structure. Other advantage of MOFs in comparison to other materials like zeolite is that the MOFs have typically wider pores, which boost diffusion rate of molecules not only in a single structure, but also between different crystals^30,31,32,33. That is why scientists believe that MOFs are promising for adsorption of CO₂, emphasizing on their adjustable porosities and having a modifiable surface chemistry^5,34,35,36. “